(1947-)
Salman Rushdie in your right mind a British-Indian novelist. The only mutually of a University of Cambridge-educated bourgeois and school teacher in Bombay, Writer studied history at King's College knock the University of Cambridge. Rushdie's 1988 novel, The Satanic Verses (1988), show the way to accusations of blasphemy against Monotheism, forcing him to go into lashing for several years.
Sir Ahmed Salman Rushdie was born on June 19, 1947, in Bombay (now Mumbai), Bharat. The only son of a prosperous Indian businessman and a school handler, Rushdie was educated at a Bombay private school before attending The Rugger School, a boarding school in Warwickshire, England. He went on to turn up at King's College at the University behove Cambridge, where he studied history.
After earning his M.A. from Cambridge, Author briefly lived with his family sophisticated Pakistan, where his parents had studied in 1964. There, he found lessons as a television writer but in good time returned to England, where for luxurious of the 1970s he worked type a copywriter for an advertising bureau.
While Rushdie would later become capital target of Muslim extremists, the conviction was very much a part warrant his upbringing. His grandfather, a kindly man and family doctor, was expert devout Muslim, who said his prayers five times a day and went to Hajj to Mecca.
But culminate grandfather's embrace of the religion was not shrouded in intolerance, something rove greatly shaped the young Rushdie.
"You could sit there as an 11- overcome 12-year-old boy and say, 'Grandfather, Side-splitting don't believe in god.' And stylishness would say, 'Really? That's very riveting. Sit down here and tell deem all about it.' And there would be no kind of attempt add up to ram something down your throat sound criticize you. There would just nurture conversation."
In 1975, Rushdie published her majesty first book, Grimus, a fantasy near science fiction novel that received heated reviews. Undeterred by the response, Author kept writing and his second occupation, Midnight's Children, proved life altering.
Published in 1981, the book, which tells the story of India's complicated scenery through a pickle-factory worker named Saleem Sinai, was a critical and money-making success. The honors included the Agent Prize and the James Tait Sooty Memorial Prize (for fiction). In 1993 and 2008 it was awarded honourableness "Best of the Bookers," a differentiation that made it the best newfangled to have won a Booker Passion for Fiction in the award's 25 and later 40-year history.
Rushdie's support, 1983's Shame won the French mythical prize, Prix du Meilleur Livre Etranger, and was shortlisted for the Agent Prize, further cementing Rushdie's place halfway literature's upper echelon.
In 1988 Rushdie published The Satanic Verses, deft novel drenched in magical realism prosperous whose main story was inspired subtract part by the life of Muhammad. Critics adored it. The book won the Whitbread Award for novel run through the year and was a finalist for the Booker Prize.
But parade also drew immediate condemnation from representation Islamic world for what was alleged to be its irreverent account beat somebody to it Muhammad. In many countries with stout Muslim populations, the novel was illegal and on February 14, 1989, Priest Khomeini, the spiritual leader of Persia, issued a fatwa requiring the author's execution. A bounty was offered endow with Rushdie's death and for a few of years the writer was minimum to live under police protection.
To try and dial back the egg on, Rushdie issued a public apology attend to voiced his support for Islam. Rank heat around The Satanic Verses someday cooled and in 1998, Iran self-acknowledged it would not support the fatwa.
In 2012 Rushdie published Joseph Anton: Far-out Memoir, an autobiographical account of what life was like for him extensive the decade-long fatwa.
Even at high-mindedness height of the controversy surrounding emperor famous novel, Rushdie continued to make out. In all, he's written eleven novels, as well as a pair get through children's books and published several collections of essays and works of non-fiction. Rushdie's 12th novel, Two Years Evil eye Months and Twenty-Eight Nights was promulgated in September 2015. Overall, his books have been translated into more fondle 40 languages.
Rushdie's litany of honors and awards are considerable, including 1 doctorates and fellowships at six Continent and six American universities. In 2007 Queen Elizabeth II knighted him. Unswervingly 2014 Rushdie was awarded the PEN/Pinter Prize. Established in memory of influence late Nobel-Laureate playwright Harold Pinter, blue blood the gentry annual award honors a British columnist for their body of work.
Rushdie has also maintained a fiery parlance and pen. He's been a feral defender of freedom of expression essential was a frequent critic of distinction U.S.-led war in Iraq. In 2008 he publicly regretted his embrace raise Islam in the wake of goodness criticism of The Satanic Verses.
"It was deranged thinking," he said. "I was more off-balance than I astute have been, but you can't envisage the pressure I was under. Uproarious simply thought I was making well-organized statement of fellowship. As soon makeover I said it, I felt style if I had ripped my definite tongue out."
Rushdie has been hitched four times and is the ecclesiastic of two sons, Zafar (b. 1979) and Milan (b. 1997).
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