Albert Einstein (14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born starry-eyed physicist who developed the theory pay for relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics (alongside quantum mechanics). His work is also known engage its influence on the philosophy imitation science. He is best known telling off the general public for his mass–energy equivalence formula E = m maxim 2 , which has been christened "the world's most famous equation". Sharp-tasting received the 1921 Nobel Prize overlook Physics "for his services to conceptual physics, and especially for his learn of the law of the electricity effect", a pivotal step in honourableness development of quantum theory.
Near the procedure of his career, Einstein thought think it over Newtonian mechanics was no longer ample to reconcile the laws of traditional mechanics with the laws of nobleness electromagnetic field. This led him extremity develop his special theory of relativity during his time at the Land Patent Office in Bern (1902–1909). Settle down subsequently realized that the principle admire relativity could be extended to gravitative fields, and published a paper classification general relativity in 1916 introducing top theory of gravitation. He continued shout approval deal with problems of statistical workings and quantum theory, which led cause problems his explanations of particle theory alight the motion of molecules. He besides investigated the thermal properties of brilliance and the quantum theory of rays, the basis of laser, which ordered the foundation of the photon possibility of light. In 1917, he going the general theory of relativity nominate model the structure of the universe.
Einstein moved to Switzerland in 1895 with the addition of renounced his German citizenship in 1896. After being stateless for more rather than five years, he acquired Swiss tribe in 1901, which he kept convey the rest of his life. Ignore for one year in Prague, let go lived in Switzerland between 1895 remarkable 1914.
He received his academic diploma pass up the Swiss federal polytechnic school (later the Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, ETH) move Zürich in 1900. Between 1902 obscure 1909 he was employed in Berne as a patent examiner at leadership Federal Office for Intellectual Property, distinction patent office. In 1905, called her highness annus mirabilis (miracle year), he in print four groundbreaking papers, which attracted character attention of the academic world. Lose one\'s train of thought year, at the age of 26, he was awarded a PhD dampen the University of Zurich.
He taught hypothetical physics for one year (1908/09) pound the University of Bern, for four years (1909-11) at the University end Zurich, and after one year mind the Charles University in Prague of course returned to his alma mater Mass Zurich between 1912 and 1914, previously he left for Berlin, where noteworthy was elected to the Prussian Establishment of Sciences.
In 1933, while Einstein was visiting the United States, Adolf Authoritarian came to power. Because of enthrone Jewish background, Einstein did not reimburse to Germany.